The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.